primary health centre -komal

mr.mani shankar aiyer,nominated m.p &former UNION minister visit to komal phc

what is an primary health centre? In South Asia, PHCs are the basic first-line units providing primary health care. Theoretically, there is one PHC for every 30,000 of population. Each PHC has five or six sub-centres staffed by health workers for outreach services such as immunization, basic curative care services, and maternal and child health services. PHCs generally consist of one or more doctors, a pharmacist, a staff nurse, and other paramedical support staff. In India, PHCs form a basic part of the health care system. The Medical Officer appointed to run the PHC must be a MBBS degree holder. In addition to the provision of diagnostic and curative services, the Medical Officer acts as the primary administrator for the PHc The village health nurse provides service at the point of care, often in the patient's home. If additional diagnostic testing or clinical intervention is required, the patient is transported to the PHC to be evaluated by the Medical Officer. Under the national rural health mission, PHCs are rapidly being upgraded PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE BEFORE THE OFFICIAL OPENING KOMAL PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE WAS SANCTIONED AND BEGUN FUNCTION IN A TEMPORARY BUILDING IN FEB 2009.LOCAL PANCHYAT MADE RTHE ARRANGEMNTS.DAILY 0UTPATIENT FLOW WAS BETWEEN 50-120.SOON AFTER OUTPATIENT FLOW REACHED BETWEEN 150-300,MINIUMUM OF 2-6 DELIVERIES WERE CONDUCTED IN H.S.C BUILDING.

OFFICIAL OPENING: KOMAL PHC BEGUN FUNCTIONING IN NEW BUILDING FROM FEB2011.IT WAS OPENED BY THEN COPOPERATIVE MINISTER KO.SI.MANI,LOCAL M.L.A ANBAZAGAN ANDISTRICT DIRCTOR DR.HARIKRISHINAN

AWARNESS RALLY&MEETINGS; AWARNESS RALLY AND MEETINGS WERE CONDUCTED IN KOMAL REGARDING WATER -STAGNATION,MALARIA,HYPERTENSION AND DIABETES POLIO-FACTS What is polio? Polio, short for poliomyelitis, is a disease that can damage the nervous system and cause paralysis. Since polio immunization has become widespread in the United States, cases of polio are rare. However, polio remains a problem in many parts of the world. What is the infectious agent that causes polio? Polio is caused by any of three polio viruses. Where is polio found? Before the availability of polio immunization, polio was common worldwide. However, with strong immunization programs and efforts to rid the world of polio, circulation of polio viruses is limited to a decreasing number of countries. The greatest risk is now in the Indian subcontinent and, to a lesser extent, in West and Central Africa. How do people get polio? The polio virus lives in the throat and intestinal tract of infected persons. The virus enters the body through the mouth, usually from hands contaminated with the stool of an infected person. Objects, such as eating utensils, can also spread the virus. Food and water are not thought to play a major role in the spread of polio. What are the signs and symptoms of polio? The polio virus attacks the nerve cells that control muscle movements. Many people infected with the virus have few or no symptoms. Others have short-term symptoms, such as headache, tiredness, fever, stiff neck and back, and muscle pain. More serious problems happen when the virus invades nerves in the brain and causes paralysis of the muscles used in swallowing and breathing. Invasion of the nerves in the spinal cord can cause paralysis of the arms, legs, or trunk. How soon after exposure do symptoms appear? Symptoms usually start 7 to 14 days after exposure to the virus. Infected persons are most contagious from a few days before to a few days after the start of symptoms. However, persons with polio can spread the infection for as long as the virus is in their throat or stool. The virus can be found in the throat for about 1 week after infection and in the stool for 6 weeks or longer. How is polio diagnosed? Polio is diagnosed by a blood test or culture. Who is at risk for polio? Polio is most common in infants and young children, but complications occur most often in older persons. What complications can result from polio? Complications include paralysis, most commonly of the legs. Paralysis of the muscles that control breathing and swallowing can be fatal. In very rare cases, the oral vaccine used to prevent polio can cause polio paralysis in persons who are vaccinated (1 in every 8.1 million doses) and in people who are close contacts of a vaccinated person (1 in every 5 million doses). . What is the treatment for polio? There is no treatment for polio. A polio patient must receive expert medical care, especially at the beginning of the illness. How common is polio? In the United States, the last case of "wild" polio was in 1979. Wild polio is naturally circulating polio that is not caused by the oral polio vaccine. Except for an occasional importation, all cases of paralytic polio since 1979 have been caused by the oral polio vaccine. However, thousands of polo infections still occur in other parts of the world. Most cases are reported from Asia and Africa. How can polio be prevented? Two types of polio vaccine are available: oral polio vaccine (OPV) and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). OPV is made with a live but weakened virus. OPV protects vaccinated persons directly. OPV also protects other susceptible persons who are indirectly "vaccinated" as the vaccine virus spreads in the community. IPV is given by injection. It protects vaccinated persons as well as OPV, but it is not believed to be as effective as OPV in preventing the spread of polio virus among non-vaccinated persons. However, IPV is not known to cause polio disease. As of January 1997, the recommended schedule for polio vaccination for children was two doses of IPV at 2 and 4 months of age, followed by two doses of OPV at 12-18 months and 4-6 years. This schedule is expected to reduce the small number of polio cases caused by the oral vaccine. Schedules containing all OPV or all IPV can still be used, too. IPV can be given at 2, 4, and 12-18 months, and 4-6 years. OPV can be given at 2, 4, and 6-18 months, and 4-6 years. Parents and doctors can choose among the three schedules. Booster doses of polio vaccine are also recommended for persons traveling to areas of the world where polio is still a problem. WHAT IS BLOOD PRESSURE? Blood is carried from the heart to all parts of your body in vessels called arteries. Blood pressure is the force of the blood pushing against the walls of the arteries. Each time the heart beats (about 60-70 times a minute at rest), it pumps out blood into the arteries. Your blood pressure is at its highest when the heart beats, pumping the blood. This is called systolic pressure. When the heart is at rest, between beats, your blood pressure falls. This is the diastolic pressure. ■systolic pressure – blood pressure as the heart beats ■diastolic pressure – blood pressure as the heart relaxes between beats Blood pressure is always given as these two numbers, the systolic and diastolic pressures. Both are important. Usually they are written one above or before the other, such as 120/80 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). The top number is the systolic and the bottom the diastolic. When the two measurements are written down, the systolic pressure is the first or top number, and the diastolic pressure is the second or bottom number (for example, 120/80). If your blood pressure is 120/80, you say that it is "120 over 80." Both numbers in a blood pressure reading are important. As we grow older, systolic blood pressure is especially important. A third type of blood pressure measurement is the called pulse pressure. Pulse pressure is simply the difference between the systolic and the diastolic readings. Pulse pressure is an indicator of inflammation and stiffness in the arterial walls. The greater pulse pressure, the stiffer and more injured the vessels are thought to be. While pulse pressure is not yet widely used by physicians to determine hypertension treatment, studies indicate that pulse pressure may be a good predictor of cardiovascular problems (i.e. heart problems), particularly in seniors. Some studies suggest that in people over 45 years old, every 10-mm Hg increase in pulse pressure increases the risk for stroke increases by 11%, cardiovascular disease by 10%, and overall mortality by 16%. In younger adults, the risks are even higher. Blood pressure changes during the day. It is lowest as you sleep and rises when you get up. It also can rise when you are excited, nervous, or active. Still, for most of your waking hours, your blood pressure stays pretty much the same when you are sitting or standing still

DIABETES: Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas to control blood sugar. Diabetes can be caused by too little insulin, resistance to insulin, or both. To understand diabetes, it is important to first understand the normal process by which food is broken down and used by the body for energy. Several things happen when food is digested: •A sugar called glucose enters the bloodstream. Glucose is a source of fuel for the body. •An organ called the pancreas makes insulin. The role of insulin is to move glucose from the bloodstream into muscle, fat, and liver cells, where it can be used as fuel. People with diabetes have high blood sugar because their body cannot move sugar into fat, liver, and muscle cells to be stored for energy. This is because: •Their pancreas does not make enough insulin •Their cells do not respond to insulin normally •Both of the above There are three major types of diabetes. The causes and risk factors are different for each type: •Type 1 diabetes can occur at any age, but it is most often diagnosed in children, teens, or young adults. In this disease, the body makes little or no insulin. Daily injections of insulin are needed. The exact cause is unknown. •Type 2 diabetes makes up most of diabetes cases. It most often occurs in adulthood, but teens and young adults are now being diagnosed with it because of high obesity rates. Many people with type 2 diabetes do not know they have it. •Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar that develops at any time during pregnancy in a woman who does not have diabetes. Diabetes affects more than 20 million Americans. Over 40 million Americans have pre-diabetes (early type 2 diabetes). SymptomsHigh blood sugar levels can cause several symptoms, including: •Blurry vision •Excess thirst •Fatigue •Frequent urination •Hunger •Weight loss Because type 2 diabetes develops slowly, some people with high blood sugar have no symptoms. Symptoms of type 1 diabetes develop over a short period of time. People may be very sick by the time they are diagnosed. Exams and TestsA urine analysis may be used to look for high blood sugar. However, a urine test alone does not diagnose diabetes. Your health care provider may suspect that you have diabetes if your blood sugar level is higher than 200 mg/dL. To confirm the diagnosis, one or more of the following tests must be done. Blood tests: •Fasting blood glucose level -- diabetes is diagnosed if it is higher than 126 mg/dL twice. Levels between 100 and 126 mg/dL are called impaired fasting glucose or pre-diabetes. These levels are risk factors for type 2 diabetes. •Hemoglobin A1c test -- ◦Normal: Less than 5.7% ◦Pre-diabetes: 5.7% - 6.4% ◦Diabetes: 6.5% or higher •Oral glucose tolerance test -- diabetes is diagnosed if glucose level is higher than 200 mg/dL after 2 hours. (This test is used more often for type 2 diabetes.) Screening for type 2 diabetes in people who have no symptoms is recommended for: •Overweight children who have other risk factors for diabetes, starting at age 10 and repeated every 2 years •Overweight adults (BMI greater than 25) who have other risk factors •Adults over age 45, repeated every 3 years TreatmentThere is no cure for diabetes. Treatment involves medicines, diet, and exercise to control blood sugar and prevent symptoms and problems. For more information on how to take care of your diabetes, see also: •Diabetes diet •Diabetes foot care •Type 1 diabetes •Type 2 diabetes Support GroupsFor more information, see diabetes resources. Outlook (Prognosis)Studies have shown that better control of blood sugar, cholesterol, and blood pressure levels in persons with diabetes helps reduce the risk of kidney disease, eye disease, nervous system disease, heart attack, and stroke. Possible ComplicationsEmergency complications include: •Diabetic hyperglycemic hyperosmolar coma •Diabetic ketoacidosis After many years, diabetes can lead to other serious problems: •You could have eye problems, including trouble seeing (especially at night) and light sensitivity. You could become blind. •Your feet and skin can develop sores and infections. After a long time, your foot or leg may need to be removed. Infection can also cause pain and itching in other parts of the body. •Diabetes may make it harder to control your blood pressure and cholesterol. This can lead to a heart attack, stroke, or other problems. It can become harder for blood to flow to your legs and feet. •Nerves in the body can become damaged, causing pain, tingling, and a loss of feeling. •Because of nerve damage, you could have problems digesting the food you eat. You could feel weakness or have trouble going to the bathroom. Nerve damage can also make it harder for men to have an erection. •High blood sugar and other problems can lead to kidney damage. The kidneys might not work as well, and they may even stop working. PreventionKeeping an ideal body weight and an active lifestyle may prevent type 2 diabetes. There is no way to prevent type 1 diabetes. To prevent complications of diabetes, visit your health care provider or diabetes educator at least four times a year. Talk about any problems you are having